•The invention of Transistors marked the start of the second generation. These transistors took place of the vacuum tubes used in the first generation computers.•First large scale machines were made using these technologies to meet the requirements of atomic energy laboratories.
•One of the other benefits to the programming group was that the second generation replaced Machine language with the assembly language. Even though complex in itself Assembly language was much easier.
•Second generation computers also started showing the characteristics of modern day computers with utilities such as printers, disk storage and operating systems. Much financial information was processed using these computers
•In Second Generation computers, the instructions (program) could be stored inside the computer's memory. High-level languages such as COBOL (Common Business-Oriented Language) and FORTRAN (Formula Translator) were used, and they are still used for some applications nowadays.
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